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- $Unique_ID{BRK03984}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Medullary Cystic Disease}
- $Subject{Medullary Cystic Disease Familial Juvenile Nephronophthisis
- Renal-retinal Dysplasia }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 226:
- Medullary Cystic Disease
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Medullary Cystic Disease)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Familial Juvenile Nephronophthisis
- Renal-retinal Dysplasia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Medullary Cystic disease is a diffuse kidney disease, either genetic or
- congenital in origin, which usually appears in children or young adults
- (juvenile nephropthisis). It is characterized by a gradual increase of urea
- and other by-products of protein breakdown in the blood (uremia) due to
- progressive failure of kidney function.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Symptoms of Medullary Cystic disease usually begin during the first two
- decades of life, though the disease has been observed in patients in their
- sixties. Passing large amounts of urine (polyuria) due to the inability of
- the kidneys to concentrate the salts dissolved in the urine is often the
- earliest symptom; this condition is resistant to treatment with vasopressin.
- Patients commonly pass excessive amounts of sodium in the urine which may be
- severe enough to require extra sodium intake to prevent extracellular volume
- depletion. Acidity of the body tissue (acidosis) with or without relatively
- high chloride in the blood (hyperchloremia) may be present. Retarded growth
- and evidence of bone disease are common in these children.
-
- In many patients, these problems develop slowly over a period of years;
- the body may, in fact, compensate for the problems so much that they are not
- recognized until significant uremia symptoms appear later in life due to
- kidney failure (uremia).
-
- Laboratory findings are similar to those in patients with chronic renal
- failure. Protein in the urine (proteinuria) is minimal or absent, and the
- urinary sediment is not remarkable. X-rays of the urinary tract demonstrates
- only small kidneys, but ultrasound and special X-rays (arteriography) may
- reveal medullary cysts.
-
- Causes
-
- Medullary Cystic disease is possibly a recessive hereditary disorder. (Human
- traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
- one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear
- unless a person inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one
- receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a
- carrier for the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of
- transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are
- carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of
- their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five
- percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one from each
- parent and will be genetically normal.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Fifty percent of patients with Medullary Cystic disease are diagnosed in
- childhood.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Medullary Sponge Kidney is characterized by tubular dilatation or faulty
- development of the collecting tubules of the kidney. It leads to urinary
- stasis and kidney stones (nephrocalcinosis).
-
- Polycystic Kidney disease is an inherited kidney disorder characterized
- by many bilateral cysts which cause enlargement of the kidney size, while
- reducing, by compression, the normal functioning kidney tissue.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- The treatment of Medullary Cystic disease consists of careful management of
- uremia when it occurs. Diet must be carefully monitored. An increase of
- caloric intake should be coupled with a reduction in the total content of
- dietary protein. Sufficient carbohydrates and fats should be consumed to
- provide energy and prevent the body from metabolizing its own proteins.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Medullary Cystic Disease, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NKUDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-6345
-
- The National Kidney Foundation
- 2 Park Ave.
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 889-2210
- (800) 622-9010
-
- American Kidney Fund
- 6110 Executive Blvd., Suite 1010
- Rockville, MD 20852
- (301) 881-3052
- (800) 638-8299
- (800) 492-8361 (MD)
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 1631.
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W. B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 645-8.
-
-